We spent ten days in Milos at the beginning of September. It was our third visit to the island, the last one in 2016. I want to make some general observations about the island in this post, related to the things we saw and visited.
Milos is a volcanic island in the Aegean and it's situated betwen mainland Greece and Crete. This, and its possession of obsidian, made it an important centre of early Aegean civilisation. Obsidian (a glasss-like volcanic rock) was a commodity as early as 15,000 years ago. It was transported over long distances and used for razor-sharp stone tools well before farming began.
Maybe what Milos is most famous for is the Venus of Milos, found on the island and now residing in the Louvre. Also found on the island are the Poseidon of Milos, now in the NAMA, and the Asclepius of Milos, now in the British Museum, as well as an archaic Apollo which is now in Athens.
Copies of Venus of Milos, in various disguises, are found all around the tourist shops on the island.
made even from sand, as seen in the Sand Museum.
The island flourished throughout antiquity, including during the Roman period. The ancient Roman amphitheatre is situated near the village of Klima. The theatre was originally constructed by the inhabitants of the ancient city of Klima, possibly during the Hellenistic Age (3rd century BC). After the destruction of the city by the Athenians in Roman times, above the preserved foundations of the classic threatre, a bigger one was built made of snow-white Parian marble which it is estimated had a seating capacity of 7000.
We did not visit the amphitheatre this time, but you can read about it here from our 2016 visit to the island.
Milos has thermal waters that have been used for medicinal purposes for milleania. There is a spa in Adamas, the main port town which is where we stayed, in a cave called Hippocrates' Cave (Hippocrates in his 'Peri Epidimion' quoted the waters for dermatitis and obesity). The water has a temperature from 35 to 41oC and the well has a basis of sodium chloride. It is recommended for arthritis, osteoporosis, muscle pain and rheumatism.
Unfortunately, the spa was closed during our visit. I asked at our hotel and I was told that they could not find people to staff it.
As I said earlier, Milos is situated between the mainland and Crete, and there is a special relationship between the two islands. By the port of Adamas, this plaque is to be found. It's a quote from a poem by Saridakis and it reads: 'Milos sighed and cried 'Mother' and Crete answered 'I am here, Daughter'.
This close relatioship is best exemplified by more recent history, namely WWII. The German occupiers arrived in Milos in May 1941 and the island became their base for the planning of the occupation of Crete which was the first occasion where German paratroops were used en masse, the first mainly airborne invasion in military history and the first time German troops encountered mass resistance from a civilian population. The resistance to the German onslaught lasted 10 days and on the 30th of May 1931, the Cretans and Allied troops had to surrender.
In preparation for the occupation of Crete, the Germans ordered the digging and building of tunnels and passages in various locations on the island which they used for the protection of the soldiers as well as food and ammunition storage. The largest such passage was that of Adamas, pictured above, and was predominantly used to shelter the Germans from British bombing. It's a ramified tunnel with 12 chambers.
We were so looking forward to being in the shelter again, but unfortunately, it was closed and looked very neglected. Lack of staff was the reason given. I can see the problem. Milos has a population of almost 5,000. In the summer thousands and thousands of tourists descend on the island and the only way to provide hospitality for all these people is by attracting people willing to work from other parts of Greece. All the waiters who served us while we were there for instance, came from other parts of the country, stayed there for 3-5 months, earned some money and then went away.
You can see inside the shelter from our previous visit by going here .
Across from the shelter, on the other side of the small bay, are these caves. We saw them when we were swimming, and went to explore
Fortunately for us, a local was nearby and I asked him what they are. He said they were built by the Germans as pill boxes, serving for observation and shooting the locals.
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The island is rugged and hilly, of volcanic origin, with tuff, trachyte and obsidian among its ordinary rocks. Volcanic activity began 2 to 3 million years ago during the Pliocene, and last erupted 90,000 ago during the Pleistocene, and is considered to still be a dormant volcano that could erupt again.
Milos has considerable mineral wealth which has been exploited over the years:
obsidian (suitable for making tools and weapons) mined in the Neolithic age as I mentioned earlier;
sulfur, kaolin, pumice, alunite, trachyte mined in the pre-Christian centuries; sulfur, kaolin, baryte, bentonite, perlite, pozzolan, siliceous stones, manganese and lead mined in the last three centuries. Today, mining is mainly about the extraction of two minerals: bentonite and perlite, and Milos is the largest production and processing centre of these two minerals in the European Union.
We saw evidence of mining in so many areas as we travelled around the island on the bus.
a loading bay near where we swam
Or just the wealth and variety of rocks that are to be found here: this, I think, is Kleftiko, and the colour of the rocks is simply amazing
or this, again, we passed it on the bus.
This, is opposite our hotel in Adamas
What amazing formations in the rock! We passed this several times a day.
We came across this when swimming in Achivadolimni. Such a beautiful island.
And, then, of course, there is Sarakiniko, like no place I have ever been to
the lunar landscape par excellence. The bone-white beach derives its unusual characteristics from the erosion of the volcanic rock by the wind and waves.
There will be a separate post on Sarakiniko.
I don't know if this is the best post for me to mention the Sand Museum but given that my post in Plaka is quite long, I will do so here.
Fascinated by the various types of sand found on the island, due to its volcanic nature, the creator and curator of the museum used to collect the sand found in various beaches of the island. He reached the stage where he gave up his job as a geologist and opened this museum.
There are many telescopes dotted about the place and we were invited to look through them and marvel at the differences in each sample. It was fascinating. It was like 'wow, does sand really look like this close up?'
He then picked up this bowl full of sand from one of the beaches which is black, like the black beach in Santorini.
He inserted a magnet into the bowl, and on lifting it, all the black sand came up, leaving just traces of blond sand in the bowl. He explained that due to the volcanic nature of the island, black sand is made up of iron, which, of course, will stick to the magnet.
There were charts of sand displayed all over the walls, showing how varied sand can be from place to place.
He avidly collects
but now, other specialists have started sending him samples from all over the world.
He also makes objects and pictures out of sand
